Morton, Holmquist applaud AG water law clarification for dairy and livestock owners

November 23, 2005

OLYMPIA…Washington dairy and livestock owners who have questioned how much groundwater they can draw for watering their livestock now have more certainty and clarification on the matter, thanks to a new formal opinion from the Washington State Attorney General’s office. Sen. Bob Morton, R-Orient, and Rep. Janéa Holmquist, R-Moses Lake, asked for the attorney general opinion after the state Department of Ecology (DOE) imposed a 5,000 gallon-per-day limit on the amount of groundwater livestock owners could draw without a permit.

“This is a victory not only for dairy and livestock owners, but for those who want to keep state agency rulemaking in check,” Morton said. “There is no reason why a state agency should ‘evolve’ its rulemaking over time. That only causes uncertainty and confusion. It’s the job of the Legislature to set policy, not state agencies. This sets things right.”

“This was a significant interpretation of our state’s water laws. We felt it was important to clarify whether or not the Department of Ecology has authority to develop policy without direction from citizens or their elected representatives,” said Holmquist. “When we see state agencies overstepping their authority and setting policy outside the parameters of the law, we’re going to push back.”

Historically, under the 1945 stock water exemption, the state has not limited the amount of water livestock owners can draw to water their stock. More recently, DOE’s interpretation has “evolved” to limit the state’s stock water exemption and water withdrawals to 5,000 gallons per day. A Pollution Control Hearings Board (PCHB) decision agreed, causing serious water access problems for livestock operations. It also created financing problems, since banks would not loan money to dairy or livestock ranchers without a clear indication they would have the water needed to operate.

In January 2003, a state Court of Appeals read the statute differently, rejecting the views of DOE and PCHB that an administrative agency can alter the meaning of a statute to meet “changing societal conditions.” The court also clearly noted that the power to do so is reserved only for the Legislature, saying, “When a statute is rendered obsolete by changing conditions, the remedy is for the legislature to amend it; neither an administrative agency nor the courts may read it in a way that the enacting legislature never intended. . . It must be amended by the current legislature, not the PCHB or DOE.”

Earlier this year, Morton and Holmquist asked Attorney General Rob McKenna for a formal opinion on the issue. That opinion, released Friday, clarifies that:

  • The law does not set a limit on the quantity of water than can be withdrawn for stock-watering purposes;
  • The Department of Ecology does not have the authority to impose a numeric limit by making a rule; and
  • The agency may not change its interpretation of a statute based on its belief that a different interpretation would be better policy, stating that this is the Legislature’s job, not one belonging to a state agency.

Morton serves as ranking Republican of the Senate Water, Energy and Environment Committee and is a member of the Senate Agriculture and Rural Economic Development Committee. Holmquist is a member of the House Economic Development, Agriculture and Trade Committee. Both lawmakers serve on the Joint Legislative Committee on Water Supply During Drought, and have long been advocates for supporting citizens’ water rights throughout the state and keeping state agency rulemaking in check.

The formal opinion is posted on the Attorney General’s Web site at:
http://www.atg.wa.gov/opinions/opinion_index.shtml

 The opinion is AGO 2005 No. 17.

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For more information contact:
Rebecca Japhet (360) 786-7516 or
Japhet.Rebecca@leg.wa.gov
John Sattgast (360) 786-7257 or
Sattgast.John@leg.wa.gov